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1.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4296, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-997914

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate in the vitro effectiveness of three chemical agents for toothbrush disinfection. Material and Methods: Sixteen new toothbrushes were evaluated, previously sterilized and classified in five experimental groups (n=3) and one item as control. Three chemical agents were assessed: 0.12% Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), essential oil mouth rinse (Listerine) and 3.5% Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The five selected strains were inoculated on toothbrushes and incubated for a 24 hours period and 37°C temperature in aerobic conditions. The incubated toothbrushes were immersed for a 15 min period into selected chemical agents and after drying in a controlled air stream, again re-cultured into enriched broth. A comparison was made between the initial and final microorganisms density recovered after chemical disinfection based on Mc Farland scale. The data obtained was compared by descriptive analysis and ANOVA methodology. Results: 3.5% NaOCl was the most effective chemical agent for toothbrush disinfection followed by CHX; Listerine was not effective to eliminate the inoculated bacteria in toothbrushes. Conclusion: 3.5% NaOCl and 0.12% CHX are the most effective chemical agents for toothbrush disinfection and Listerine was only effective against C. albicans.


Assuntos
Candida albicans , Clorexidina , Desinfecção/métodos , Compostos Químicos , Antissépticos Bucais/análise , Escovação Dentária/métodos , Venezuela , Técnicas In Vitro/métodos , Análise de Variância
2.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 18(1): 3994, 15/01/2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-966824

RESUMO

Objective: To identify, using phenotypic methods, FGNB, NFGNB and Candida sp. in toothbrushes, and environmental samples of bathroom air in a group of students from the Dentistry School of the Universidad Central de Venezuela. Material and Methods: Thirty-four toothbrushes were supplied to the cohort during a 60-day period; environmental samples were collected in the rooms where toothbrushes were kept during this period. All samples were processed by traditional methods of microbiological counting isolation and phenotypic identification using selective and differential agar based on the international guidelines of the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) 38. Results: 82.36% of the toothbrush samples were positive to bacteria and fungi and 91.17% of the environmental samples were positive to enterobacteria. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish antiseptic protocols for the management, storage and disinfection of toothbrushes. The high rate of contamination may represent an opportunity for enterobacteria colonization of oral biofilms, reservoir to infection foci and metastatic infections in certain populations.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Escovação Dentária , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Poluição Ambiental , Enterobacteriaceae , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/imunologia , Estudantes de Odontologia , Venezuela , Estudos Transversais
3.
Acta odontol. venez ; 49(4)2011. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-678888

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación fue la detección molecular de micobacterias del complejo tuberculosis en el tejido periodontal afectado de un grupo de pacientes VIH+ y VIH- con tuberculosis pulmonar. Se incluyeron 20 pacientes, 10 VIH+ y 10 VIH- con diagnóstico microbiológico convencional de tuberculosis, provenientes de la consulta de Tisiología, y de Sala de VIH, del Hospital Simón Bolívar, Caracas. De cada uno de los pacientes fue obtenido el consentimiento informado previo al inicio de la investigación, se le realizó una minuciosa historia clínica y un examen clínico bucal, con el fin de establecer la condición periodontal de cada uno de los sujetos participantes en este estudio. Se tomaron muestras de tejido periodontal afectado de cada uno de los pacientes con indicación de cirugía periodontal. Resultados: 50% (10/20) de los pacientes con TBC VIH- presentaron gingivitis crónica localizada y el 30% (3/20) de los pacientes con TBC VIH+ presentaron gingivitis crónica generalizada. El grupo restante mostró gingivitis localizada y cuadros sugerentes de periodontitis. Por medio de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en 60% (12/20) de las muestras de tejido periodontal se detectó la secuencia IS6110, que está presente en micobacterias del complejo tuberculosis. La amplificación de blancos moleculares es una metodología sensible para la detección de este grupo de microorganismos en enfermedad periodontal y pudiera ser utilizada en el diagnóstico diferencial de lesión de la cavidad bucal


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Boca/patologia , Doenças da Boca/microbiologia , Doenças da Boca/patologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos
4.
Acta odontol. venez ; 47(1): 110-121, mar. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-630113

RESUMO

Enterococcus faecalis es una bacteria en forma de coco dispuesta en cadenas o pares, Gram positiva, anaerobia facultativa, inmóvil y no esporulada que en años recientes, ha atraído la atención de diversos investigadores porque ha sido identificada como una causa frecuente de infección del sistema de conductos radiculares en dientes con fracaso en el tratamiento endodóntico. Una característica notable de esta especie la constituye su capacidad para sobrevivir y crecer en microambientes que pudieran ser tóxicos para otras bacterias, entre estos en presencia de Hidróxido de Calcio. Se ha sugerido que la resistencia de E. faecalis al Hidróxido de Calcio permite a esta bacteria sobrevivir en presencia del medicamento y proliferar cuando la acción de este finaliza, resultando en la colonización e infección del conducto radicular, y es por ello que el objetivo del presente estudio fue detectar e identificar a este microorganismo en dientes con fracaso en el tratamiento endodóntico. Para este fin, se seleccionaron 20 dientes obturados con conos de gutapercha y cemento a base de Hidróxido de Calcio, los cuales presentaban tratamiento endodóntico con fracaso. Como grupo control se seleccionaron 20 dientes con patología pulpar y/o periapical y que no habían sido tratados endodónticamente. Las muestras de los conductos radiculares fueron tomadas con conos de papel esterilizados, los cuales fueron colocados en caldo tioglicolato y posteriormente se sembraron en el medio Agar Enterococcus. Los medios fueron incubados en la estufa a 37ºC por 72 horas en condiciones de microaerofilia. La identificación definitiva de E. faecalis se realizó a través del sistema de identificación rápida API Rapid Strep. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron que en 12 (60%) de los 20 dientes con fracaso en el tratamiento endodóntico se pudo detectar a E. faecalis, lo que permitió evidenciar la alta frecuencia con la cual se pudo encontrar a este microorganismo; no obstante, en el otro grupo de 20 dientes, también se encontró la bacteria en 5 de estos (25%). Estos resultados permitieron demostrar el papel preponderante de E. faecalis como agente ampliamente implicado en tratamientos endodónticos con fracaso.


Enterococcus faecalis is a coccal-shaped, Gram positive, facultative anaerobic and non motile bacteria. In recent years, several researchers have been interested in E. faecalis because this species has been identified like a frequent microorganism in endodontic treatment with failure. E. faecalis can growth and survive in presence of calcium hydoxide. Resistant capacity of E. faecalis to calcium hydroxide into root-filled teeth results in proliferation of this bacteria and subsecuently colonization and infection of root canal. The aim of this study was detect and identify this microorganism in teeth with failure in endodontic treatment. Twenty (20) root-filled teeth with guttapercha points and calcium hydroxide cement were selected. These teeth had endodontic tratments with failure. Control group was conformed by twenty (20) pulpar and/or periapical infection teeth without endodontic treatment. Samples of root canals were taken using sterile paper points, inoculated in tioglycolate broth media and growth obtained in this media were transferred to Agar Enterococcus plates and incubated at 37ºC for 72 hours in microaerofilical conditions. Identification of E. faecalis was possible by using API Rapid Strep identification kit. E. faecalis was isolated en 12 out of 20 teeth (60%) with endodontic failure, and also was found in 5 out of 20 teeth (25%) with pulpar and/or periapical infection. These findings relected the high frequency that E. faecalis was detected and identified in root-filled teeth with endodontic failure.

5.
Acta odontol. venez ; 47(1): 170-181, mar. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-630120

RESUMO

Objetivo: establecer la importancia del diagnóstico microbiológico de la Tuberculosis. Metodología: 15 pacientes que asistieron al servicio del Hospital Simón Bolívar, Caracas Venezuela, con cuadro clínico presuntivo de Tuberculosis pulmonar fueron estudiados a través del examen en cavidad bucal, radiografía de tórax, Baciloscopía (BK) y método de Petroff, tomando en consideración los signos y síntomas de cada uno de ellos. Resultados: 11 de las 15 muestras de esputo fueron BK (+) y 4 BK (-). Mycobacterium tuberculosis se aisló en 7 de las muestras incluyendo los pacientes que presentaron BK (-). Desde el punto de vista radiográfico, 10 pacientes presentaron lesión bilateral, 4 lesión unilateral y 1 fibrotorax. El examen en cavidad bucal permitió observar enfermedad periodontal de leve a moderada en 14 de los pacientes, 8 de ellos de manera localizada y 6 de manera generalizada. La detección de M. tuberculosis a través del BK sigue siendo un método de importancia para establecer en conjunto con los antecedentes, epidemiología, clínica, radiografía, serología e histopatología del paciente el diagnóstico definitivo de la tuberculosis, sin embargo, la técnica de PCR puede complementar dicho estudio.


Mycobacterium tuberculosis, aethiological agent of tuberculosis is a curved, aerobic, non sporulated and non motile rod that is a resistant aganaist dissecation effects. 15 patients were selected in this study who assited to Neumonology service located at Simón Bolívar Hospital, Caracas, Venezuela. These patients who had presuntive lung tuberculosis were studied considering their sings and simthomps. Oral cavities of each patient were studied considering their sings and sinthomps. Oral cavities of each patient were examinated and thorax Rx, Bacilloscopy (BK) and Petroff method were taked from each one in order to detect this rod. Our findings related that 11 out of 15 sputum samples were BK (+) and the other 4 were BK (-). M. tuberculosis was isolated in 7 samples, including BK (-) patients. Radiografically, 10 patients presented bilateral lesion, 4 presented unilateral lesion and 1 fibrothorax. Examination of oral cavities showed that 8 patients presented localizated periodontal disease and 6 presented generalizated periodontal disease. Detection of M. tuberculosis using BK continue to be an important method for identification of this bacteria, considering also epidemiological, clinical, radiographical, serological and histopathological studies in order to establish definitive diagnosis of TBC. Aditionally, Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an excellent method used to complement identification studies of this microorganism.

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